Admiral Henry Kent Hewitt

(1887-1972)

 

 

Photo taken from the 1907 Naval Academy Yearbook called "The Lucky Bag"

 

THE MEMOIRS

OF

H. KENT HEWITT

Born February 11, 1887

 


The Early Years 1887—1906— Here are a series of quotes from a book assembled by Dr. Evelyn Cherpak, archivist of the Naval War College, in 2004.

Page 1

“I was born on February 11, 1887, in my maternal grandfather's house on what was then known as Kent Place on Polifly Road{or Terrace Avenue}, about a tenth of a mile south of Essex Street in the southern outskirts of Hackensack, New Jersey.”

“Tennis was my best game, but never more then mediocre. My highest attainment was to become a substitute halfback on the football team, but I was pretty light for that.

Page 2

“The High School was a good one, presided over by a splendid teacher ,
Dr. Nelson B. Haas. I took the scientific or classical course, which included algebra, geometry, general history, Latin, German, and rhetoric. Also, as I remember, some physics. All went smoothly, and if I looked ahead at all, it was with the hopeful idea of going to Stevens Institute of Technology in Hoboken to become an engineer.”

Page 3-4

“One Monday evening in May 1903, toward the end of my high school junior year, the local evening paper came out with a notice that Congressman Hughes of the 6 th New Jersey District would hold a competitive examination in Paterson the following Saturday for an appointment to the Naval Academy. It gives the requirements as to age, subjects, etc. Somehow, I got the idea that it might be fun to try it. I hadn't the slightest notion of being able to win it – in fact, any idea of ever going to West Point or Annapolis was beyond my fondest expectations – none of my family knew anyone in politics. When I broached the subject to my father, he gave his consent to my trying, but said that if I did, I had better take it seriously. So, after supper, he took me right up to call on Dr. Haas, the principal, at his house.

Dr. Haas was a rather stern man who was held somewhat in awe by most of the students. The student body was small enough, however, so that he knew most of them personally, at least those of the upper classes. He told me that he did not know what chance I would have, that there was another boy in the school who had been preparing for this exam for some time (he had had advance information), but said that if I were to take it seriously, I had better work. He suggested that I should not come to school for the rest of the week, but to study each day just what he specified, and to come to school at 3:00p.m., when he would quiz me and give me my work for the following day. He advised me not to worry about the mathematics subjects, in which he knew I had good marks, but to concentrate on the subjects which I had not studied since grammar school days, such as
United States history and geography. I was fortunate in having such a mentor.

I doubt if ever in my career I put in more concentrated hard work than I did in those four days, Tuesdays to Friday inclusive. Up early, a bit of exercise, and then uninterrupted study until time to meet my tutor. Then a little relaxation, a bit more study, and early to bed.

To reach Paterson on time Saturday morning, it was necessary to take an early morning train. They ran with some frequency in those days. The Exam was administered by a committee of school teachers and took place in one of the public schools. As I remember, about thirty or so boys reported. We wrote out our names and addresses and placed them in a sealed envelope with a number. Only our assigned number was placed on any of our papers, so that there was no chance for favoritism. We worked from nine a.m. through until about four p.m. with an hour out for lunch to which we were treated by Congressman Hughes at a nearby restaurant.

I new some of the questions which were asked, but was not at all sure about others. I returned home and rather dismissed the whole thing as an interesting experience. During my usual Saturday evening job at the Hackensack Public Library as a Librarian's assistant, I told friends who inquired that I did not think I had done very well. And on Monday I resumed my regular schoolwork.

At school, the following Wednesday or Thursday, during a Latin class, someone walked into the room and handed our professor a message. He read it, stopped the class, and announced that I had won the appointment. I was so utterly surprised that I almost went through the floor and was barely able to get on my feet and say a few words, as I was asked to do.

There being a sharp rivalry between Bergen County schools, my unexpected success was deemed a real victory for Hackensack . As a result, I was treated that night to a sort of school rally and carried around as if I were a real football hero, something I had never experienced before nor have I ever since.

This brought my regular schoolwork to a close. It was then necessary to buckle down to prepare myself for the Naval Academy entrance examination, which I did, again under the guidance of Dr. Haas.”

 

Edited by Evelyn M. Cherpak
copyright 2004

 

The Early Years

H. KENT HEWITT

Born February 11, 1887

 

During the summer of 1903 under the tutoring of HHS Principal Nelson Haas,
H. Kent Hewitt passed the entrance exam and was accepted to the Naval Academy . Nelson Haas died only two years later in 1905 at the age of 66. The citizens of Hackensack erected a large stone monument above his grave for his great service to education. He also has a bronze plaque outside the auditorium in the High School dated 1906.

H. Kent Hewitt graduated from the Naval Academy in 1907 as an Midshipmen and served on board the USS Missouri on the Great White Fleet Tour around the World from December 16, 1907 to February 22, 1909.

After his world cruise, Hewitt served on the USS Connecticut, USS Flusser, and USS Florida in the waters of Cuba and the Caribbean off the coast of Florida. In 1913 Hewitt served in the Mathematics department for a period of time.

The Great White Fleet Trip for anyone would have been a highlight experience to last a lifetime, but for H. Kent Hewitt it was only the beginning of his sailing into Naval History.

 

THE TIMES OF H. KENT HEWITT 

1887 THE 22 ND , PRESIDENT WAS GROVER CLEVELAND , HEWITT WAS BORN
1891 THE ZIPPER WAS INVENTED, 4YEARS OLD
1892 ELECTRIC AUTOMOBILE, 5YEARS OLD
1894 WIRELESS TELEGRAPH, 7 YEARS OLD
1898 SPANISH AMERICAN WAR SINKING OF THE MAINE , 11 YEARS OLD
1900 SUBMARINE INVENTED, 13 YEARS OLD
1903 WRIGHT BROTHERS AT KITTY HAWK, 16 YRS. GADUATES H.H.S.
1905 THEORY OF RELATIVITY- ALBERT EINSTEIN, 18YRS. OLD
1907 THEODORE ROOSEVELT PRESIDENT, SENT NAVY AROUND WORLD HEWITT WAS 20 YRS. OLD WHEN HE MADE THIS VOYAGE.
1909 ROBERT E. PEARY DISCOVERS THE NORTH POLE, 22YRS. OLD
1911 AIR CONDITIONING INVENTED, 24 YRS. OLD
1912 NEW MEXICO AND ARIZONA BECOME STATES, 25 YRS. OLD
1913 17 TH AMENDMENT RATIFIED; FEDERAL RESERVE ACT, 26 YRS. OLD

 

H. KENT HEWITT

AND

THE WORLD WAR

 

 In November 1916, Hewitt was in command of the USS Eagle protecting American interests in the waters off the coast of Florida known as the Dominican campaign.

Cuba had been in a constant state of turmoil since the end of the
Spanish American War (1898 sinking of the Maine which was blown up in Havana Harbor ). Cuba had three Presidents from 1909 to 1925, with little distinction and much corruption.

In 1916, the President was Mario Garcia Menocal who won election by employing fraud and violence. As a result War broke out against him on February 1917, but he was able to defeat the rebels and enter upon his second term. The rebels hoped for intervention by the U.S. , which however, was too occupied with the European situation. Menocal's government declared War on Germany on April 7, 1917, the day after the U.S. entered the War.

November 1916 to April 1917 was when Hewitt was in command of the
USS Eagle patrolling these waters off the coast of Florida and Cuba protecting American interests. He received the Dominican Campaign Medals for his service during this time.

In 1918, Hewitt assumes command of the destroyer USS Cummings and engaged in patrolling water infested with enemy submarines and mines. His ship escorted many important convoys of troops and supplies through the War zone. H. Kent Hewitt received the Navy Cross, awarded for distinguished service in the World War.

Early in 1919, Hewitt was transferred to command the destroyer Ludlow and later that year went to the Naval Academy for duty in the department of electrical engineering and physics. He served as gunnery officer on the Pennsylvania from 1921-1923 when he was ordered to the Navy department for duty in fleet training division.

Hewitt was fleet gunnery officer and aide on the staff of the commander, Battleship Divisions, Battle Fleet in 1926 and in 1927 had similar duties on the staff of the commander of the Battle Fleet.

After completing the Naval War College course in 1929 he served for two years 1930-1931, on its staff.

 

THE TIMES OF H.KENT HEWITT

1913 WOODROW WILSON PRESIDENT 1913-1921, TWO TERMS, Hewitt's age 26
1915 SINKING OF LUSITANIA , TRANSCONTINENTAL TELEPHONE SERVICE BEGINS ON REGULAR BASIS, Hewitt's age 28
1917 APRIL 6, CONGRESS DECLARES WAR ON GERMANY , Hewitt's age 30
1918 NOVEMBER 11, WORLD WAR I ARMISTICE; GERMANY SURRENDERS Hewitt's age 31
1922 MOTION PICTURE SOUND FLIM INVENTED,THOMAS EDISON Hewitt's age35
1923 WARREN G. HARDING PRESIDENT DIES IN OFFICE AGE 57. Hewitt's age 36
1925 SCOPES TRIAL; BILLY MITCHELL COURT MARTIAL, Hewitt's age 38
1926 FIRST FLIGHT OVER NORTH POLE, Hewitt's age 39
1927 BABE RUTH HITS 60 HOMERS, Hewitt's age 40
1928 COMPUTER (DIFFERENTIAL ANALYZER)- VANNEVAR BUSH, U.S. Hewitt's age 41
1929 STOCK MARKET CRASH CREATES PANIC AND NATION WIDE DEPRESSION, Hewitt's age 42

 

H. KENT HEWITT

1930'S

THE GATHERING STORM

The title above is a Book written By Winston S. Churchill

 

In 1932, Hewitt was appointed Force operations officer on the staff of the Commander, Battle Force. He was on duty at the naval academy as head of the department of mathematics from 1933-1936.

In 1936, Hewitt was ordered to Command the Battle Cruiser USS Indianapolis. He was commander of the Cruiser scouting force 1937. Hewitt was inspector of ordinance in charge, Naval Ammunitions Depot, Puget Sound , Washington , since July 8 1938. As war loomed and the German U boats created havoc on merchant shipping and the British Navy, Commander Hewitt was in the middle of the conflict, escorting convoys across the Atlantic . 1940 he was head of a special squadron and took command of Cruiser division eight. In May 1941 he assumed additional duties as commander of the U.S. Atlantic fleet task groups carrying out convoy work during the summer and fall of 1941, and early 1942. These were extremely dangerous times to be in the Atlantic . War is declared against Germany on December 11,1941.

The ship Hewitt took command of for some period of time between 1936-1942 had an interesting history worth mentioning. “ On July 30 1945, after completing a top secret mission to deliver parts of the Atom bomb “LITTLE BOY,” which would be dropped on Hiroshima , the battle cruiser USS Indianapolis was torpedoed in the South Pacific by a Japanese submarine. An estimated 300 hundred men were killed upon impact; close to 900 sailors were cast into the Pacific Ocean , where they remained, undetected by the Navy, for nearly five days. Battered by a savage sea, they struggled to survive, fighting off hypothermia, sharks, physical and mental exhaustion, and finally hallucinatory dementia. By the time rescue—which was purely accidental—arrived, all but 321 men had lost their lives; 4 more would die in military hospitals shortly thereafter.”
Book referenced, IN HARMS WAY, by Doug Stanton.

H. Kent Hewitt grieved the fate of the USS Indianapolis and the men on board in his memoirs.

Written by:
Bob Meli
2008

 

THE TIMES OF HENRY HEWITT

1932 America economic depression continues - Hewitt's age 45
1933 Hitler rises to power in Germany – Hewitt's age 46
1934 Babe Ruth is released by Yankees, 1936 Joe DiMaggio starts Yankee career, Lou Gehrig day July 4,1939, famous speech, Lou Gehrig dies June 2, 1941 – Hewitt's age 47
1932 the other “Babe”Didrikson 5' 5” 105lb women won 2 gold medals – Hewitt age 48
1936 Spain civil war, March 28, 1939 over – Hewitt age 49
1936 Jesse Owens wins Gold in Berlin as Hitler looks on Hewitt age50
1937 June 22, Joe Lewis knocks out James Braddock to win Heavy Wght. Title
1937 July 7, Japan starts war with China Hewitt age 51
1938 Hitler begins moving his war machine Hewitt age 52
1939 “Gone With the Wind” movie is produced Hewitt age 53
1941 December 7, Pearl Harbor, December 8 U.S. declares war against Japan
1941 December 11, U.S. declares war against Germany and Italy . Hewitt age 54

 

H. KENT HEWITT

“ADMIRAL”

WORLD WAR II

 

In April 1942, at the age of 55, Hewitt was transferred to command the amphibious force Atlantic Fleet. In October of the same year made him commander Amphibious Force, he assumed command of the Western Naval task force, which had the responsibility of transporting troops and equipment for the United States and establishing ashore in Morocco in November 1942 U.S. Army troops under the command of Major General George Patton.

In February 1943, he organized and commanded U.S. Naval forces in Northwestern African waters, U.S. Eighth fleet, and setup headquarters in Algiers . In July 1943, he commanded the American half of the fleet in the invasion of Sicily , which lodged ashore the U.S. Seventh Army and carried out subsequent supporting operations. In September 1943 he commanded the allied Naval force which landed the Fifth Army at Salerno , provided essential covering support to insure the success of landing.

H. Kent Hewitt Led his Naval force along the same campaign as George Sellarole Jr. 1938 HHS Graduate from landing him in Morocco to the invasion of Sicily and Italy of which Joseph Mauriello 1934 HHS graduate, was also involved in at Anzio beach and I'm sure many others who are on the wall, Hewitt helped land or gave covering support from the sea through his command of Naval forces.

In August 1944, he commanded allied Naval forces, which established the Seventh Army on the southern coast of France . In April 1, 1945 he was promoted to the FOUR STAR RANK OF ADMIRAL. On August 1, 1945 Admiral Hewitt assumed command of all U.S. Naval Forces in Europe and in this capacity his duties took him all over Western Europe and the Mediterranean .

By wars end in Europe V.E. DAY May 8,1945, and then the dropping of the
Atom bombs on Hiroshima August 6,1945 and Nagasaki August 9, 1945, which brought about the surrender of Japan September 2,1945, Admiral Hewitt was
58 years old and seemed to have accomplished and served his country in every possible way a Naval servicemen could have imagined. Of course there had been no United Nations before WWII, so in March 1947 Admiral Henry Kent Hewitt was assigned as U.S. Naval representative of operations, United Nations Military staff committee. During the second, New York , third Paris, regular sessions of the general assembly he was appointed to the U.S. delegation.

Admiral Henry Kent Hewitt retired on March 1, 1949, at the age of 62, after 46 years of distinguished Naval service

 

THE TIMES OF HENRY HEWITT

1942 First successful nuclear reaction achieved University of Chicago
1948 Long playing (LP) record- Peter C. Goldmark, U.S.
1948 August 16, Babe Ruth Died at the age of 53. Hewitt's age 61. Bob Meli 2008

 

Henry Kent Hewitt

 

If he were a Baseball Player, you would compare him to Hank Aaron or Babe Ruth. If he were a composer of music, you would compare him to Bach or Mozart. If he was a Basketball player you would compare him to Michael Jordan or Magic Johnson. Contemporaries of his leading the Army during WWII who were his equals were Eisenhower and Patton.

Hewitt's extraordinary Naval career covered Two World Wars and several conflicts in between. He served as instructor at the Naval Academy several times, finally becoming head of the Mathematics department.

Upon his retirement and after his death, he had a Ship named after him, a bronze bust made of him, and a hall named after him. There is so much information on this man we have only begun to scratch the surface. H. Kent Hewitt Hackensack High School graduate 1903 is an inspiring figure in Naval History.

Written by:
Bob Meli
2008

 

Note: Researched material: Bergen County Historical Society Testimonial Dinner Program October 20, 1947 and also The Memoirs of H. Kent Hewitt.
Author: Evelyn M. Cherpak copyright 2004

Under the heading of Life and Times of H. Kent Hewitt the material was obtained from the book, "The Presidents" Greenwich House copyright 1983.